A Microstrip Leaky-Wave Antenna with Scanning Beams Horizontal to the Antenna Plane

Henghui WANG; Peiyao CHEN; Sheng SUN

doi:10.23919/cje.2023.00.033

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Chinese Journal of Electronics > 2024 > Accepted Manuscript

WANG Henghui, CHEN Peiyao, SUN Sheng, “A Microstrip Leaky-Wave Antenna with Scanning Beams Horizontal to the Antenna Plane,” Chinese Journal of Electronics, vol. x, no. x, pp. 1–6, xxxx doi: 10.23919/cje.2023.00.033

Citation:

WANG Henghui, CHEN Peiyao, SUN Sheng, “A Microstrip Leaky-Wave Antenna with Scanning Beams Horizontal to the Antenna Plane,” Chinese Journal of Electronics, vol. x, no. x, pp. 1–6, xxxx doi: 10.23919/cje.2023.00.033

Citation:

PDF( 4041 KB)

A Microstrip Leaky-Wave Antenna with Scanning Beams Horizontal to the Antenna Plane

doi: 10.23919/cje.2023.00.033

1.
University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China

More Information

Author Bio:
WANG Henghui was born in Binzhou, Shandong Province, China, in 1995. He received the B.E. degree in electronic and information engineering from Hefei University of Technology (HFUT), Anhui, China, in 2018. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree in electronic science and technology with the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China. His research interests include leaky-wave antennas, periodic structures, and calibration technology. (Email: henghui_wang@126.com)

CHEN Peiyao was born in Lu'an, Anhui Province, China, in 1996. He received the B.E. and M.E. degrees from the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China, in 2018 and 2021, respectively. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree in electronic science and technology with the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China. His research interests include planer leaky-wave antennas and filter synthesis. (Email: peiyao-chen@outlook.com)

SUN Sheng was born in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China, in 1980. He received the B.E. degree in information engineering from Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China, in 2001, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical and electronic engineering from Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, in 2006. From 2005 to 2006, he was with the Institute of Microelectronics, Singapore. From 2006 to 2008, he was a Post-Doctoral Research Fellow with NTU. From 2008 to 2010, he was a Humboldt Research Fellow with the Institute of Microwave Techniques, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany. From 2010 to 2015, he was a Research Assistant Professor with The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. Since 2015, he has been a Full Professor with the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. He has authored or coauthored one book and two book chapters, and over 190 journal and conference publications. His current research interests include electromagnetic theory, computational electromagnetics, multiphysics, numerical modeling of planar circuits and antennas, microwave passive and active devices, and microwaveand millimeter-wave communication systems. Prof. Sun was a recipient of the International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (ISAP) Young Scientist Travel Grant, Japan, in 2004; the Hildegard Maier Research Fellowship of the Alexander Von Humboldt Foundation, Germany, in 2008; the Outstanding Reviewer Award of IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS COMPONENTS LETTERS in 2010; and the General Assembly Young Scientists Award from the International Union of Radio Science in 2014. From 2010 to 2014, he was as an Associate Editor of IEICE Transactions on Electronics. He also serves as an Associate Editor for IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS COMPONENTS LETTERS, Electronics Letters (IET), and the International Journal of RF and Microwave ComputerAided Engineering. (Email: sunsheng@uestc.edu.cn)
Corresponding author: Email: sunsheng@uestc.edu.cn
Available Online: 2024-02-05

Abstract

Abstract

A leaky-wave antenna with horizontal scanning beams and broadside radiation is presented on the periodically modulated microstrip. The horizontal radiation is realized by periodically etching a set of resonant open-ended slots on the ground plane. Dispersion diagrams and Bloch impedance are first analyzed to investigate the propagation and radiation characteristics of the periodic structure. Subsequently, shunt matching stubs are installed aiming to obtain seamless beam scanning property through the broadside. Finally, a prototype is implemented as verification of the presented antenna. Results of the simulations and measurements agree well with each other, indicating the elimination of the open-stop band effect and the horizontal radiation beams. The fabricated antenna exhibits a beam range from −62° to +34°, and provides a maximum measured gain about 14.6 dBi at 10 GHz.
- Bloch impedance,
- horizontal radiation,
- leaky-wave antenna,
- microstrip line,
- seamless beam scanning.

FullText(HTML)

References(37)

References

[1]	J. T. Williams, P. Baccarelli, S. Paulotto, et al., “1-D combline leaky-wave antenna with the open-stopband suppressed: Design considerations and comparisons with measurements,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 61, no. 9, pp. 4484–4492, 2013. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2013.2271234
[2]	Y. L. Lyu, X. X. Liu, P. Y. Wang, et al., “Leaky-wave antennas based on noncutoff substrate integrated waveguide supporting beam scanning from backward to forward,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, no. 6, pp. 2155–2164, 2016. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2016.2550054
[3]	A. Kianinejad, Z. N. Chen, and C. W. Qiu, “A single-layered spoof-Plasmon-mode leaky wave antenna with consistent gain,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 681–687, 2017. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2016.2633161
[4]	K. Rudramuni, K. Kandasamy, Q. F. Zhang, et al., “Goubau-line leaky-wave antenna for wide-angle beam scanning from backfire to endfire,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 17, no. 8, pp. 1571–1574, 2018. doi: 10.1109/LAWP.2018.2855702
[5]	Y. L. Lyu, F. Y. Meng, G. H. Yang, et al., “Periodic leaky-wave antenna based on complementary pair of radiation elements,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 66, no. 9, pp. 4503–4515, 2018. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2018.2842304
[6]	R. Ranjan and J. Ghosh, “SIW-based leaky-wave antenna supporting wide range of beam scanning through broadside,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 606–610, 2019. doi: 10.1109/LAWP.2019.2897836
[7]	A. Sarkar, D. A. Pham, and S. Lim, “Tunable higher order mode-based dual-beam CRLH microstrip leaky-wave antenna for V-band backward-broadside-forward radiation coverage,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 68, no. 10, pp. 6912–6922, 2020. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2020.2995300
[8]	A. Sarkar, A. H. Naqvi, and S. Lim, “(40 to 65) GHz higher order mode microstrip-based dual band dual beam tunable leaky-wave antenna for millimeter wave applications,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 68, no. 11, pp. 7255–7265, 2020. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2020.2995430
[9]	S. Rezaee and M. Memarian, “Analytical study of open-stopband suppression in leaky-wave antennas,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 363–367, 2020. doi: 10.1109/LAWP.2019.2963798
[10]	S. Otto, A. Rennings, K. Solbach, et al., “Transmission line modeling and asymptotic formulas for periodic leaky-wave antennas scanning through broadside,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 59, no. 10, pp. 3695–3709, 2011. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2011.2163781
[11]	S. Paulotto, P. Baccarelli, F. Frezza, et al., “A novel technique for open-stopband suppression in 1-D periodic printed leaky-wave antennas,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 57, no. 7, pp. 1894–1906, 2009. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2009.2019900
[12]	N. Yang, C. Caloz, and K. Wu, “Full-space scanning periodic phase-reversal leaky-wave antenna,” IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 58, no. 10, pp. 2619–2632, 2010. doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2010.2065890
[13]	S. Otto, Z. C. Chen, A. Al-Bassam, et al., “Circular polarization of periodic leaky-wave antennas with axial asymmetry: Theoretical proof and experimental demonstration,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 62, no. 4, pp. 1817–1829, 2014. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2013.2297169
[14]	S. Otto, A. Al-Bassam, A. Rennings, et al., “Transversal asymmetry in periodic leaky-wave antennas for Bloch impedance and radiation efficiency equalization through broadside,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 62, no. 10, pp. 5037–5054, 2014. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2014.2343621
[15]	W. L. Zhou, J. H. Liu, and Y. L. Long, “Investigation of shorting vias for suppressing the open stopband in an SIW periodic leaky-wave structure,” IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 66, no. 6, pp. 2936–2945, 2018. doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2018.2818140
[16]	Y. L. Lyu, F. Y. Meng, G. H. Yang, et al., “Leaky-wave antenna with alternately loaded complementary radiation elements,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 679–683, 2018. doi: 10.1109/LAWP.2018.2811726
[17]	J. H. Liu, W. L. Zhou, and Y. L. Long, “A simple technique for open-stopband suppression in periodic leaky-wave antennas using two nonidentical elements per unit cell,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 66, no. 6, pp. 2741–2751, 2018. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2018.2819701
[18]	H. Jiang, K. W. Xu, Q. F. Zhang, et al., “Backward-to-forward wide-angle fast beam-scanning leaky-wave antenna with consistent gain,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 69, no. 5, pp. 2987–2992, 2021. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2020.3029721
[19]	H. H. Wang, S. Sun, and X. H. Xue, “A periodic meandering microstrip line leaky‐wave antenna with consistent gain and wide‐angle beam scanning,” International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, vol. 32, no. 7, article no. e23162, 2022. doi: 10.1002/mmce.23162
[20]	H. H. Wang, S. Sun, and X. H. Xue, “A periodic CPW leaky-wave antenna with enhanced gain and broadside radiation,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 676–680, 2022. doi: 10.1109/LAWP.2022.3141127
[21]	M. A. Antoniades and G. V. Eleftheriades, “A CPS leaky-wave antenna with reduced beam squinting using NRI-TL metamaterials,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 56, no. 3, pp. 708–721, 2008. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2008.916965
[22]	Y. D. Dong and T. Itoh, “Composite right/left-handed substrate integrated waveguide and half mode substrate integrated waveguide leaky-wave structures,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 59, no. 3, pp. 767–775, 2011. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2010.2103025
[23]	G. Zamora, S. Zuffanelli, F. Paredes, et al., “Fundamental-mode leaky-wave antenna (LWA) using slotline and split-ring-resonator (SRR)-based metamaterials,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 12 pp. 1424–1427, 2013. doi: 10.1109/LAWP.2013.2287525
[24]	A. Mehdipour and G. V. Eleftheriades, “Leaky-wave antennas using negative-refractive-index transmission-line metamaterial supercells,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 62, no. 8, pp. 3929–3942, 2014. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2014.2322882
[25]	D. K. Karmokar, Y. J. Guo, S. L. Chen, et al., “Composite right/left-handed leaky-wave antennas for wide-angle beam scanning with flexibly chosen frequency range,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 68, no. 1, pp. 100–110, 2020. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2019.2946750
[26]	D. J. Wei, J. Y. Li, J. J. Yang, et al., “Wide-scanning-angle leaky-wave array antenna based on microstrip SSPPs-TL,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 17, no. 8, pp. 1566–1570, 2018. doi: 10.1109/LAWP.2018.2855178
[27]	S. D. Xu, D. F. Guan, Q. F. Zhang, et al., “A wide-angle narrowband leaky-wave antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide-spoof surface Plasmon polariton structure,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 18, no. 7, pp. 1386–1389, 2019. doi: 10.1109/LAWP.2019.2917561
[28]	D. K. Karmokar, S. L. Chen, T. S. Bird, et al., “Single-layer multi-via loaded CRLH leaky-wave antennas for wide-angle beam scanning with consistent gain,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 313–317, 2019. doi: 10.1109/LAWP.2018.2889869
[29]	D. K. Karmokar, S. L. Chen, D. Thalakotuna, P. Y. Qin, et al., “Continuous backward-to-forward scanning 1-D slot-array leaky-wave antenna with improved gain,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 89–93, 2020. doi: 10.1109/LAWP.2019.2953927
[30]	G. Zhang, Q. F. Zhang, Y. F. Chen, et al., “High-scanning-rate and wide-angle leaky-wave antennas based on glide-symmetry Goubau line,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 68, no. 4, pp. 2531–2540, 2020. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2019.2951524
[31]	P. F. Zhang, L. Zhu, and S. Sun, “Microstrip-line EH₁/EH₂-mode leaky-wave antennas with backward-to-forward scanning,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 19, no. 12, pp. 2363–2367, 2020. doi: 10.1109/LAWP.2020.3033064
[32]	Y. J. Chi and F. C. Chen, “CRLH leaky wave antenna based on ACPS technology with 180° horizontal plane scanning capability,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 571–577, 2013. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2012.2224839
[33]	R. Henry and M. Okoniewski, “A broadside-scanning half-mode substrate integrated waveguide periodic leaky-wave antenna,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 13 pp. 1429–1432, 2014. doi: 10.1109/LAWP.2014.2341217
[34]	R. Henry and M. Okoniewski, “A broadside scanning substrate integrated waveguide periodic phase-reversal leaky-wave antenna,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 15 pp. 602–605, 2016. doi: 10.1109/LAWP.2015.2462733
[35]	G. S. Kong, H. F. Ma, B. G. Cai, et al., “Continuous leaky-wave scanning using periodically modulated spoof plasmonic waveguide,” Scientific Reports, vol. 6, no. 1, article no. 29600, 2016. doi: 10.1038/srep29600
[36]	C. A. Balanis. Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design, 4th ed., Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2015.
[37]	Y. S. Pan, Y. Cheng, and Y. D. Dong, “Dual-polarized directive ultrawideband antenna integrated with horn and Vivaldi array,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 48–52, 2021. doi: 10.1109/LAWP.2020.3039377