A Novel Neighboring Propagation Algorithm Based on Hierarchical Routing Scheme for Power Constrained Wireless Sensor Networks

Energy efficiency is essential to a wireless sensor network with power concerned since the lifetime of the sensor network directly depends on its remaining power level. In this paper, a novel routing algorithm termed Neighboring propagation based on hierarchical routing scheme (NPHRS) is proposed, which is able to dramatically expend energy evenly among all of the sensor nodes and efficiently prolong network lifetime. In the NPHRS, affinity propagation clustering algorithm is used to divide a wireless sensor network into some clusters and select a cluster head for each cluster as relay node according to intra-cluster’s neighborhood information. Moreover, rational ant colony optimization algorithm is applied to establish the optimal multi-hop route with the minimum power consumption between cluster heads and sink node. The comparison of the extensive simulation results obtained with every routing protocol demonstrates that the network lifetime of NPHRS is longer than the existing typical algorithms such as LEACH.