Three-Step Carrier Frequency O®set EstimationAlgorithm for Burst-Mode Communications
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Graphical Abstract
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Abstract
A data-aided frequency o®set estimation
algorithm suited for burst-mode communications is de-
scribed and analyzed. The proposed algorithm is based on
a Pilot symbol assisted modulation (PSAM) frame struc-
ture, which consists of regularly spaced pilot symbols and
a group of consecutive pilot symbols embedded in. Firstly,
an initial estimate based on consecutive pilot symbols is
generated for reducing the phase ambiguity. Secondly,
based on both spaced and consecutive pilot symbols, ¯ne
preliminary estimates are generated to improve estima-
tion accuracy. Lastly, the ¯nal estimate is obtained by
combining the ¯ne preliminary estimates with the initial.
This three-step algorithm is shown to provide high estima-
tion accuracy close to those of FFT-based algorithm at low
Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In addition, it is suitable for
high carrier frequency o®set cases.
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